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莎士比亞中文ppt

這是莎士比亞中文ppt,包括了生平,A literary creation(創(chuàng)作),The first period (1590 ~ 1600)第一時(shí)期,Tragedy(悲劇),Shakespeare's literary position
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由于一方面廣泛借鑒古代戲劇、英國(guó)中世紀(jì)戲劇以及歐洲新興的文化藝術(shù),一方面深刻觀察人生,了解社會(huì),掌握時(shí)代的脈搏,故使莎士比亞得以塑造出眾多栩栩如生的人物形象,描繪廣闊的、五光十色的社會(huì)生活圖景,并使之以悲喜交融、富于詩(shī)意和想象、寓統(tǒng)一于矛盾變化之中以及富有人生哲理和批判精神等特點(diǎn)著稱。一般劃分為三個(gè)時(shí)期。 9 historical drama" John king" was written in early thirteenth Century British history, the other8 is the content of the interface of the two Episode 4:" Henry VI", the" Charlie III, and";" Richard II"," Henry IV" ( referred to as the most successful historical drama ) on the" V", with Henry. These historical drama summary of British history more than 100 years of unrest, created a series of positive, negative image of monarchy, reflecting Shakespeare against the feudal rule, support the centralization of power, condemned the tyrant and tyranny, enlightened monarchs were top-down reform requirements, the establishment of a harmonious society between humanistic political and moral ideal. 9部歷史劇中除《約翰王》是寫 13 世紀(jì)初英國(guó)歷史外 ,其他8部是內(nèi)容相銜接的兩個(gè)4部曲 :《 亨利六世》上 、中、下篇與《查理三世》;《理查二世》、《亨利四世》(被稱為最成功的歷史。┥稀⑾缕c《亨利五世》。這些歷史劇概括了英國(guó)歷史上百余年間的動(dòng)亂,塑造了一系列正、反面君主形象,反映了莎士比亞反對(duì)封建割據(jù),擁護(hù)中央集權(quán),譴責(zé)暴君暴政,要求開明君主進(jìn)行自上而下改革,建立和諧社會(huì)關(guān)系的人文主義政治與道德理想。 The 10comedy" comedy of errors"," the taming of the Shrew"," the two gent"," love in vain"," A Midsummer Night's dream"," the merchant of Venice"," the Merry Wives of Windsor"," make trouble out of nothing"," to the satisfaction of all" and" Twelfth Night" to love, friendship, mostly marriage as the theme, the protagonist is a few humane wisdom and virtue of young men and women, through their freedom, happiness struggle, progress, sing good new fresh air, but also gently to expose and ridicule the old things decay and ugly, such as asceticism virtual correction, puritanical hypocrisy and usurers avaricious and mean wait for. 10部喜劇《錯(cuò)誤的喜劇》、《馴悍記》、《維洛那二紳士》、《愛的徒勞》、《仲夏夜之夢(mèng)》、《威尼斯商人》、《溫莎的風(fēng)流娘兒們》、《無(wú)事生非》、《皆大歡喜》和《第十二夜》大都以愛情、友誼、婚姻為主題,主人公多是一些具有人文主義智慧與美德的青年男女,通過他們爭(zhēng)取自由、幸福的斗爭(zhēng),歌頌進(jìn)步、美好的新人新風(fēng),同時(shí)也溫和地揭露和嘲諷舊事物的衰朽和丑惡,如禁欲主義的虛矯、清教徒的偽善和高利貸者的貪鄙等。 This period drama the basic mood is optimistic, bright, full of humanistic ideal to solve social contradictions, confidence, that is written in this period the tragicomedy" Romeo and Juliet", was filled with the comedy atmosphere. Although the hero died sentimentalism, but the ideals of love over death, in exchange for a reconciliation of feudal. 這一時(shí)期戲劇創(chuàng)作的基本情調(diào)是樂觀、明朗的,充滿著以人文主義理想解決社會(huì)矛盾的信心,以致寫在這一時(shí)期的悲喜劇《羅密歐和朱麗葉》中,也洋溢著喜劇氣氛。盡管主人公殉情而死,但愛的理想戰(zhàn)勝死亡,換來(lái)了封建世仇的和解。 The second period (1601 ~ 1607) 第二時(shí)期 In tragedy, written 3 Department of the Rome opera,5 tragedies and 3" dark comedy" or" problem plays". 以悲劇為主 ,寫了3部羅馬劇、5部悲劇和3部“陰暗的喜劇”或“問題劇”。 Rome drama" Julius Caesar"," Anthony and Cleopatra Petra" and" Cory" is based on Plutarch lanus Rome" Greek heroes" historical drama. 羅馬劇《尤利烏斯·凱撒》、《安東尼和克莉奧佩特拉》和《科里奧拉努斯》是取材于普魯塔克《希臘羅馬英雄傳 》的歷史劇。 Four tragedies" Hamlet,"" Othello"," King"," Mike white" and" tragedy Timon of Athens" marks of the era, the life of the deep thinking, strive to create the new era of tragic hero. 四大悲劇《哈姆雷特》、《奧賽羅 》、《 李爾王 》、《麥克白》和悲劇《雅典的泰門》標(biāo)志著作者對(duì)時(shí)代、人生的深入思考,著力塑造了這樣一些新時(shí)代的悲劇主人公 。 The tragic character waking up from a medieval prison and ignorance, in modern dawn shines, aspiring to develop or improve themselves, but can not overcome the limitations of their own age and, finally in the same environment and inner strength disparity between the hostile forces in the struggle, the inevitable failure and sacrifice. Hamlet avenged the death of his father and found with" all time out of joint", decided to take up the responsibility of" reforming the course", the result is just great ambitions, powerless. King Lear in power to bring him glory, pride, self-confidence in the nature, get crazy, fantasy to make right divided country to prove himself become a king and do an ordinary person, can be the same or greater, and suffered a painful ordeal. 這些悲劇人物從中世紀(jì)的禁錮和蒙昧中醒來(lái),在近代黎明照耀下,雄心勃勃地想要發(fā)展或完善自己,但又不能克服時(shí)代和自身的局限,終于在同環(huán)境和內(nèi)心敵對(duì)勢(shì)力的力量懸殊斗爭(zhēng)中,遭到不可避免的失敗和犧牲。 哈姆雷特為報(bào)父仇而發(fā)現(xiàn)與“整個(gè)時(shí)代脫榫”了,決定擔(dān)起“重整乾坤”的責(zé)任,結(jié)果是空懷大志,無(wú)力回天。 李爾王在權(quán)勢(shì)給他帶來(lái)的尊榮 、自豪 、 自信中迷失本性 ,喪失理智,幻想以讓權(quán)分國(guó)來(lái)證明自己不當(dāng)國(guó)王而做一個(gè)普通人,也能同樣或更加偉大,因而經(jīng)受了一番痛苦的磨難。 Mike Bai Ben is a real hero, disposition has the goodness and beauty side, just because of the temptation and ambition, reduced to a " from the bloody to bloody", Aohuiwuji sinner. Othello honest honest, trust and vengeful, in communication at the mercy of the suicide, for the pursuit of it's perfection itself. Instead by evil. These characters' tragedy, announced deeply in the period of capital primitive accumulation has begun to appear the social evils and bourgeois egoism, the performance of the humanist ideal and reality the irreconcilable contradiction between, highly summarized significance. 麥克白本是有功的英雄,性格中有善和美的一面,只因王位的誘惑和野心的驅(qū)使,淪為“從血腥到血腥”、懊悔無(wú)及的罪人。 奧賽羅正直淳樸,相信人而又嫉惡如仇,在奸人擺布下殺妻自戕,為追求至善至美反遭惡報(bào)。 這些人物的悲劇,深刻地揭示了在資本原始積累時(shí)期已開始出現(xiàn)的種種社會(huì)罪惡和資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的利己主義,表現(xiàn)了人文主義理想與殘酷現(xiàn)實(shí)之間矛盾的不可調(diào)和,具有高度的概括意義。 Since this period plays the depth of thought and the realistic depth increase, make" Troilus and Cressida"," married" and" requite like for like" and" comedy" also reveals the dark side, enveloped the treachery, the intrigues of the evil shadow, so called " problem plays" or" dark comedy". 由于這一時(shí)期劇作思想深度和現(xiàn)實(shí)主義深度的增強(qiáng),使《特洛伊羅斯與克瑞西達(dá)》、《終成眷屬》和《一報(bào)還一報(bào)》等“喜劇”也顯露出陰暗的一面,籠罩著背信棄義、爾虞我詐的罪惡陰影,因而被稱為“問題劇”或“陰暗的喜劇”。 The third period (1608~ 1613) 第三時(shí)期 Inclined to compromise and the illusion of tragedy and comedy or drama. 傾向于妥協(xié)和幻想的悲喜劇或傳奇劇。 The main work is 4 comedy and tragedy or melodrama" crown prince Chris"," Xin Lin"," winter's tale"," the storm". 主要作品是4部悲喜劇或傳奇劇《泰爾親王里克里斯》、《辛白林》、《冬天的故事》、《暴風(fēng)雨》。 Many of these works were written, reunion, framing,. Although still adhere to the ideals of humanism, the dark reality has been exposed, but contradictory settlement mainly rely on magic, fantasy, the lucky chance coincidence and accident, and to promote forgiveness, tolerance, compromise, and talks. 這些作品多寫失散、團(tuán)聚、誣陷、昭雪。盡管仍然堅(jiān)持人文主義理想,對(duì)黑暗現(xiàn)實(shí)有所揭露,但矛盾的解決主要靠魔法、幻想、機(jī)緣巧合和偶然事件,并以宣揚(yáng)寬恕、容忍、妥協(xié)、和解告終。 The works of this period are often through the mythical fantasy, with the help of supernatural power to solve the contradiction between the ideal and reality; works through forgiveness, reconciliation, not the joy, nor the metaphase and gloomy, but full of beautiful life fantasy, romantic exotic. " The storm" (1611) is the most representative of this period style, known as" written in poetry". 這一時(shí)期的作品往往通過神話式的幻想,借助超自然的力量來(lái)解決理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的矛盾;作品貫串著寬恕、和解的精神,沒有前期的歡樂,也沒有中期的陰郁,而是充滿美麗的生活幻想,浪漫情調(diào)濃郁。《暴風(fēng)雨》(1611)最能代表這一時(shí)期的風(fēng)格,被稱為“用詩(shī)歌寫的遺囑”。 Tragedy(悲。 Four great tragedies(四大悲劇): Macbeth (麥克白) King Lear (李爾王) Hamlet (哈姆雷特) Othello (奧賽羅) Romeo and Juliet (羅密歐與朱麗葉) Titus Andronicus (泰特斯•安特洛尼克斯) Julius Caesar (裘力斯•凱撒) Antony and Cleopatra (安東尼與克莉奧佩屈拉) Coriolanus (科利奧蘭納斯) Troilus and Cressida (特洛埃圍城記) Timon of Athens (雅典的泰門) Comedy(喜。: Four Great Comedies(四大喜劇): As You Like It(皆大歡喜) Twelfth Night or What You Will(第十二夜) The Merchant of Venice(威尼斯商人) A Midsummer Night‘s Dream(仲夏夜之夢(mèng)) Much Ado About Nothing(無(wú)事生非) Measure for Measure(一報(bào)還一報(bào)) The Tempest(暴風(fēng)雨) Taming of the Shrew(馴悍記) The Merry Wives of Windsor( 溫莎的風(fēng)流娘們) Love‘s Labour’s Lost(愛的徒勞) The Two Gentlemen of Verona(維洛那二紳士) Pericles Prince of Tyre(泰爾親王佩力克爾斯) Cymbeline (辛白林) The Winter's Tale (冬天的故事) The Comedy of Errors (錯(cuò)中錯(cuò)) All's Well That Ends Well (終成眷屬) The Sonnets(十四行詩(shī)) A Lover‘s Complaint(愛人的怨訴又譯:情女怨) The Rape of Lucrece(魯克麗絲失貞記) Venus and Adonis(維納斯和阿多尼斯) The Passionate Pilgrim(熱情的朝圣者又譯:激情飄泊者) The Phoenix and the Turtle (鳳凰和斑鳩) HAMLET《哈姆雷特》 ROMEO&JULIET《羅密歐與朱麗葉》 MERCHANT of VENICE 威尼斯商人 Shakespeare's literary position (莎士比亞文學(xué)地位) In his works, the bourgeois humanism thought is behaved most adequately, also the highest art. He works for the bourgeoisie emerged as the most powerful public opinion preparation. 在他的作品里,資產(chǎn)階級(jí)人文主義思想表現(xiàn)得最為充分,藝術(shù)性也最高。他的作品為資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的興起作了最有力的輿論準(zhǔn)備 。   In poetry creation, he changed the format in Italy, according to the four, four, four two arrangement, each poem can better embody the introduction, emotional and train of thought turns and change. He likes from life and nature, from the country, city, court, stage, court, battlefield, merchant's cabinet, churches looking for vivid images and metaphors. He used his control, polysemy, repetition, alliteration, pause, the length of tone scattered to foil content, enhanced music. The sonnet form in the foreign developed under the pen of Shakespeare. 在詩(shī)歌的創(chuàng)作中,他改變了意大利的格式,按四、四、四二編排,每首詩(shī)更能體現(xiàn)起承轉(zhuǎn)合,情感和思路曲折而有變化。他喜歡從生活和大自然中,從鄉(xiāng)村、城市、法庭、舞臺(tái)、宮廷、戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)、商人的柜房、教堂等場(chǎng)所尋找生動(dòng)的形象和比喻。他常用對(duì)照、多義詞、重復(fù)、停頓、頭韻、長(zhǎng)短音的錯(cuò)落來(lái)烘托內(nèi)容,增強(qiáng)音樂性。十四行詩(shī)這一外來(lái)形式在莎士比亞筆下得到了發(fā)展。 Shakespeare is a great master of language, he absorbed the people's language, ancient and modern literary language essence, in his mature works can be handy, and then the local mood anastomosis, according to the characters and plot, and poetry, and prose. Early language be gorgeous, late maturity, but always lively and full of image. Many of his phrases win universal praise, become a part of British National language. 莎士比亞是一位杰出的語(yǔ)言大師,他吸收了人民語(yǔ)言、古代和當(dāng)代文學(xué)語(yǔ)言的精華,在他的成熟作品中能做到得心應(yīng)手,與人物當(dāng)時(shí)當(dāng)?shù)氐男那槲呛,按人物性格和劇情需要,時(shí)而詩(shī)體,時(shí)而散文。早期語(yǔ)言流于華麗,后期日趨成熟,但始終生動(dòng)而富于形象性。他的許多詞句膾炙人口,成為英國(guó)全民語(yǔ)言的一部分。 During this period, Shakespeare wrote nine historical subjects to British historical drama, the prevailing historical plays in the highest achievement. Shakespeare's history plays reflect the emerging bourgeoisie request Shakespeare's history plays with epic grand scale, although the UK is a past history, wrote in Renaissance England society and was a problem concerned by the people, and had distinctive national features. Shakespeare on real life deeply and widely observed and his era 's exploration, laid the foundation of his realism. 這一時(shí)期,莎士比亞寫過九部以英國(guó)歷史為題材的歷史劇,在當(dāng)時(shí)盛行的歷史劇中成就最高。 這一時(shí)期,莎士比亞寫過九部以英國(guó)歷史為題材的歷史劇,在當(dāng)時(shí)盛行的歷史劇中成就最高。 莎士比亞對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的深入而廣泛的觀察以及對(duì)他所處的那個(gè)時(shí)代的悉心探索,奠定了他的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的深厚基礎(chǔ)。 莎士比亞的小故事:   有一次,我曾問寫過許多關(guān)于莎翁研究專著的坦嫩鮑姆博士,是否有確鑿的證據(jù)可以證明,寫下這么多杰出劇本的莎翁真的就是出生在斯特拉特福的莎士比亞。他回答說,這一點(diǎn)就像林肯在葛底斯堡發(fā)表過演說一樣毫無(wú)疑問。不過,有很多人甚至認(rèn)為根本就沒有莎士比亞這個(gè)人,那些劇本都是出自于弗朗西斯·培根或者是牛津伯爵之手。   站在莎士比亞的墓前,我常常會(huì)低頭凝視著這命運(yùn)之歌:   朋友,但愿不要挖掘埋葬于此的遺骸   沒有觸碰這石頭的人有福   動(dòng)我遺骸的人   災(zāi)難必會(huì)降臨于其身 莎士比亞的遺體被埋在小村里教堂的講壇前面。當(dāng)時(shí)人們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)給他以這種光榮呢?是因?yàn)樗?00年后還被人們深深摯愛著的文學(xué)天才?非也。這位英國(guó)文學(xué)史上的泰斗之所以能葬在教堂邊,是因?yàn)樗?jīng)給他家鄉(xiāng)的人們借過許多錢。假如當(dāng)初這個(gè)創(chuàng)造了著名的吝嗇鬼——夏洛克這一形象的他不這樣做的話,這位大文豪的遺骸還不知會(huì)葬在哪個(gè)角落里呢? William Shakespeare 莎翁名句 To be or not to be.That is a question. 生存還是毀滅,這是一個(gè)值得考慮的問題。 A light heart lives long .   豁達(dá)者長(zhǎng)壽 The empty vessels make the greatest sound .   滿瓶不響,半瓶咣當(dāng)。 The end Thanks7ec紅軟基地

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